The signature project is a project-based learning opportunity that is designed for students to apply learned essential GIS skills in the course to complete a project on a topic a student is interested in from the beginning (research and find a topic) to the end (design, carry out GIS mapping and analyses, and write an analysis report. Some people call this final GIS output as an Informatics product). Such a project is centered on engaging and inspiring students to obtain a deeper knowledge of the subjects they’re interested in. A GIS project starts by asking geographic questions. then, locate existing data needed. This step also includes designing and building a new geodatabase. Next, decide what GIS tools are used and test the workflows using ArcGIS Pro and/or ArcGIS Online. Lastly, after maps are made, thorough analyses are carried out. A formal analysis report which includes maps, charts, and tables is generated. This analysis report generally follows scientific writing conventions. https://www.science.org/content/article/how-write-research-paper